ПРОБЛЕМИ МЕТОДИКИ ТА МЕТОДОЛОГІЇ ІСТОРИЧНОГО ДЖЕРЕЛОЗНАВСТВА У ТВОРЧОСТІ МАРКА ВАРШАВЧИКА

Abstract

Based on the analysis of the published works by M. Varshavchyk, the development of problems of theoretical source studies by scholar is investigated, in particular, methods and methodologies of source science. It is noted that during the entire period of the historian’s scientific work, his vision included issues of organizing the methodological paradigm of historical source studies, and finding ways to form a complex of approaches, principles and methods of criticism of sources, their systematization and analysis. In this article emphasized that many of ideological Soviet content by the scholar’s publications are commitment to the defined policy by the Communist Party, the socialistical way of life and worldview in the Soviet era. However, it is emphasized that the scientific opinion of the scholar, constant attention to the questions about the methodology of history and other theoretical problems of source studies that testify to the powerful work of the historian in his creative laboratory, where these questions were developed for half a century. The evolution of M. Varshavchyk’s scientific views on the formation of a complex theory of methods as a system of knowledge about internal architectures, meaningful content and solving the researcher’s cognitive needs is followed. The analysis of the works of M. Varshavchyk made it possible to establish the structure of the theoretical and methodological principles concluded by himself and their hierarchy, to focus on the definition of the subject and object of source studies, the concepts of «method» and «methodology», classification of methodological principles, etc. The M. Varshavchyk’s approach to the development of the conceptual-categorical apparatus of methodology at source studies, principles and methods of scientific thinking, the main ones of which the scientist considered historical, logical, comparative-historical, retrospective, statistical, method of specific social studies, was clarified. It was established that the scientist developed a phased scheme for working with sources (documents), the process of clarifying their internal connections, grouping sets of documents in order to obtain a set of scientific facts. Among methodological and methodical issues, the scholar emphasized insufficient attention to such problems as discussion of the content of the historical methodology, classification of methodological principles, criticism of documents, etc. It is proved that despite the constant control of the party-nomenclature over the activities of humanitarian scientists, M. Varshavchyk managed to realize his own scientific potential and contribute to the development of problems of methodology and methods of historical source studies.