ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА РОССИИ КАК ФАКТОР ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ МАКРОРЕГИОНА

Abstract

The issue of ensuring the quality and accessibility of medical care in the Russian Far East is particularly relevant and requires attention, since it directly affects the demographic situation in the macroregion. Due to the harsh climatic conditions and industry specifics of the region, the mortality rate of the local population at a young age is the highest in the country of all federal districts. At the same time, in terms of natural population growth, as well as in terms of life expectancy, the Russian Far East also ranks last in the country. However, some statistical indicators per capita, for example, the availability of doctors, secondary medical personnel, do not show a steady trend towards growth. The number of district hospitals is decreasing, medical equipment is becoming obsolete. One of the priorities for the Far Eastern territories is to ensure better access of the local population to medical infrastructure. This is of particular importance for residents of hard-to-reach areas. The topic of the relationship between demographic indicators of the population and the functioning of the healthcare system of the Russian Far East is the main idea of the work. The living conditions of the Russian population and their well-being directly affect the demographic situation in individual regions of the country. Unfortunately, we can state that not in all subjects of the Russian Federation the level and quality of life of the population are characterized by positive trends. The most difficult situation, in our opinion, has developed in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, where the migration outflow of the population, especially at working ages, significantly affects the dynamics of demographic processes. We see the insufficient level of infrastructure development, both transport and social, as one of the factors of the current situation. In this paper, we analyze the features of the development of individual components of social infrastructure in relation to demographic and migration processes in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District in the context of ensuring demographic security. We pay special attention to the development of medicine. The positive role of the implementation of the national projects "Demography" and "Healthcare" for the subjects of the Russian Far East is shown. The key problems are formulated and a set of measures to improve the current situation is proposed.