Анализ топологических дефектовсухопутной транспортной сети регионов Сибири и Дальнего Востока

Abstract

The level of topological complexity of land transport networks (including roads, railways and winter seasonal roads) of 27 regions of Siberia and the Far East is analyzed on the basis of 16 topomorphometric parameters. The main types of topological defects in the structure of regional land transport networks were identified: spatial isolation (rupture), an increased level of branching, the presence of several cyclic cores and isolated cyclic elements, and multi-core topological tiers of cyclic cores. The highest degree of isolation is revealed in the transport networks of Kamchatka Territory, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Khabarovsk Territory and Tomsk Oblast. Transport networks of the Republic of Altai, the Kamchatka Territory, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Republics of Tuva and Buryatia, the Jewish Autonomous Okrug and of the Island of Sakhalin, as well as the main cyclic skeleton of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug’s winter seasonal roads have the highest level of branching. Multi- layeredness is characteristic of the transport network of the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts, the Kemerovo Oblast, the Khabarovsk Territory and Buryatia. The multifocal nature of the second topological tier of the cyclic skeleton is a distinctive feature of land transport networks in the south of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Irkutsk Oblast, the Republic of Yakutia, Kemerovo and Novosibirsk Oblasts. The same feature is characteristic for the third topological tier of the communications’ network in the Altai Territory. According to the level of spatial reliability (vulnerability) of the topological structure, the following types of regional transport networks are distinguished: the most reliable (4 regions), highly reliable (8), medium reliable (5), highly vulnerable with a low level of spatial reliability (5), the most vulnerable with a minimum level of spatial reliability (5 regions).