Влияние российской модернизации на систему управления в Коми крае в XVIII в.

Abstract

The article addresses major issues of influence of the modernization on the management system in the Komi region in the 18th century The relevance of the study is due to the fact that today in historical science there are a number of interesting concepts explaining interaction and mutual influence of all levels of government, both central and local. This refers to the theory of modernization, which allows us to identify local variants in regional management and to emphasize their alternativeness against the industry morphology. In this case, the state actively included the annexed territories into socio-economic relations and active administrative and state construction. The Komi region, as well as its neighboring regions, experienced a transfer of management technologies from the center and its neighboring regions, which resulted in formation of several local forms of management. The first one was represented by heads of administrative structures, officials of the uezd administration. Their main functions were administrative and economic, judicial and supervisory. Their sphere of responsibility varied and changed to follow the trend of strict regulation of their activities; all adjustments were made exclusively by the governor. Alongside with this first group, there was peasant volost administration, which had been operating on the territory of the Komi region for a long time. Its main functions lay in solving fiscal, land, economic, residential and other issues. Both were administrating authorities, constantly changing in the studied period. The second local administrative structure was represented by managers and employees of industrial enterprises: Seregovo saltworks and Kazhym metal works (mines in Nyuvchim, Nyuchpas and Kazhym). The key functions of their employees were administrative and economic, supervisory, and supply ones. Their sphere of responsibility varied and was adjusted by the plant owners. Yet another local model, characteristic for the 18th century, was represented by officers and heads of garrison offices in military camps. Their main activity was solution of various defense and supply tasks. When analyzing the influence of modernization on these elements of management in the Komi region in the 18th century, its progressive convergence should be noted. There was a complex administrative and managerial framework. Its formation was influenced by impulses coming to the periphery (in our case to the Komi region) from the central government.