МОДЕЛЬ ЕМАНСИПОВАНОЇ ЖІНКИ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ТА ПОЛЬСЬКІЙ ПРОЗІ ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ XIX СТОЛІТТЯ

Abstract

The article examines the image of an emancipated woman in the works of Ukrainian and Polish writers of the second half of the 19th century using the methods of literary analysis and cultural approach. The main sources of the study are novels, short stories and novellas that reflect new stereotypes and ideas about a woman who fights for her right to equality and self-determination in society. The article highlights the process of forming the image of an emancipated woman in the literature of the second half of the 19th century and its impact on the development of society. In particular, it is found out what values and ideas were reflected in the image of the emancipated woman, what role was assigned to women in society and how social barriers that stood in the way of her emancipation were reflected. New approaches to the modelling of emancipated women’s images are considered, creating a feminine model of positivism that depicts emancipated women as individuals who want to get an education, expand their knowledge, participate in political life and fight for the idea of gender equality and women’s rights. This model was especially relevant for women writers, who became more actively involved in public activities and the struggle for their rights. The article also draws attention to the relationship between literature and society, namely, what social problems and trends were reflected in the image of the emancipated woman and how this image influenced public thinking. The author examines literary works with images of emancipated women that had an important impact on the formation of new stereotypes and ideas about the role of women in society. Thus, the article is a relevant study that allows us to better understand the role of literature in shaping social consciousness and developing gender equality in the history of Ukraine and Poland. In studying the works of Ukrainian and Polish positivists, the methods of textual analysis, comparative literature, and historical and cultural approach are used. These works form the theoretical and methodological basis of the study and are also a source of factual material.