Что мы знаем о пищевом статусе пациента с первичным билиарным холангитом?

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to summarize modern ideas about the importance of nutritional status of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and to draw attention to need of assessment and correction of malnutrition in this patient category. Nutritional disorder of patients with PBC affects prognosis and quality of life. Already at an early stage, the development of energy deficiency, activation of compensatory mechanisms for obtaining energy from fatty acids and amino acids of the somatic pool of proteins with progressive loss of body weight are observed. Violation of bile secretion processes leads to the development of maldigestion and malabsorption, vitamin and mineral deficiency. In turn, insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals causes hypovitaminosis, disturbances in the metabolism of microelements, in particular calcium, the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The progressive development of liver failure reduces the protein-synthetic function of the liver, leading to a deficiency of the visceral protein pool and progressive protein deficiency and sarcopenia. Thus, nutritional disorder directly affects the course of disease, response to therapy and prognosis of the disease, which determines the need of assessment and correction of nutritional status during the observation and treatment of patients with PBC.