Разработка многоканальной системы управления многофазным синхронным электроприводом с улучшенными виброшумовыми характеристиками

Abstract

Constantly increasing requirements for the performance of electromechanical systems include the task of improving the vibration and noise characteristics of the electric drive. Currently, this problem is solved mainly by using traditional three-phase systems. The transition to a multiphase version of the electric drive construction opens up new opportunities for its solution. The aim of the study is to improve the vibration and noise characteristics of the electric drive through the development of a multiphase control system that provides targeted formation of the field configuration in the gap of a multiphase electric machine. To conduct the research, the model of a multiphase synchronous motor proposed by the authors was used. The model considers the spatial non-sinusoidality of the field distribution in the gap and enables to represent the engine as a set of parallel substructures, the number of which depends on the number of phases. The technique to design a synchronous motor with an arbitrary number of winding phases based on the field model of the machine has been proposed. The correctness of the results obtained is ensured by the real geometry of the magnetic circuit and steel saturation. The multi-channel control system of the electric drive, characterized by the targeted formation of field configuration in the gap of a multiphase electric machine has been proposed. The calculation model of the electric drive has been developed. The model combines the field model of the engine and the control system. The engine model is implemented in the ElСut software package, the control system model is implemented in the MatLab (Simulink) complex. Compared to the traditional three-phase design of the electric drive with a sinusoidal supply voltage, the options for forming a field in the gap of a synchronous motor considered in the article provide a reduction in ponderomotive force by 8–14 %. The engineering methodology for designing an m-phase synchronous permanent magnet motor with permanent magnets and the structure of the multi-channel control system can be applied when developing electric drives with improved vibration and noise characteristics.