선박 화재시 제연경계벽 설치가 온도 감소 및 가시거리 향상에 미치는 연구

Abstract

Maritime accidents caused by a ship include collisions, sinking, stranding and fire etc. This study is intending to consider fire accidents among such diverse marine accidents. Since ships load assorted cargoes and operate at sea for a long time, the possibility of various types of fires is high. Accordingly, different equipment and facilities are installed on ships to increase the survival rate of passengers and crew. Among these facilities, in the residential area where passengers and crew live, fire doors are installed and operated to prevent the spread of fire. In other words, the fire door is automatically closed in case of a fire alarm to prevent the spread of fire. Fire doors are very effective not only in preventing the spread of fire itself, but also in preventing the spread of smoke, which accounts for most of the casualties. However, it can be fatal for passengers and crew members located inside the fire doors who have not yet completed their evacuation. In the event of a fire, the temperature and soot rise upward and move through the ceiling. In this study, since draft curtains are not installed on ships, the effect on the increase in effective evacuation time, which is the lifespan time, was analyzed. As a result, in the case of temperature, when the draft curtain is 30cm, compared to the case without the draft curtain, the temperature reduction rate is improved by 6.6% by decreasing 2.2℃. Also, when the draft curtain was 40cm, the temperature decreased by 6.3℃, which improved by 18.9%. In the case of visibility, when the draft curtain is 20cm, 57.0% is improved from 13.5m to 21.2m compared to the case without the draft curtain. In particular, when the draft curtain is 30cm or more, there is no decrease in the visible distance due to smoke.