Проблемы трудоустройства выпускников профессиональных образовательных организаций в условиях современной экономики России

Abstract

The article examines the problems of the modern Russian labor market: the lack of specialists, scarce specialties, and replenishment with new specialists – graduates of professional educational organizations – including the ways graduates search for work and methods that allow graduates to find employment. An important place in this study is given to the employment of young professionals. One of the main criteria (requirements of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation) and accreditation indicators for assessing the quality of training of specialists by professional educational organizations is the number of employed graduates. The indicators of employment in their specialty are also important, which is considered an indicator of the quality of training future specialists. To evaluate this criterion, the study analyzes employment indicators and the methods of employment used by graduates when searching for work in modern economic conditions. The analysis of statistical indicators on the graduation and employment of graduates over the past years, their dynamics, and factors of influence are revealed. The main goal of the study is to find opportunities to achieve an equilibrium between supply and demand in the labor market. As a result, the authors propose a model of interaction between the main participants in the educational process. The main participants in the proposed model are employers (enterprises, businesses, etc.), creating demand for specific labor market specialists; professional educational organizations (offering educational services); consumers of educational services (students and applicants; parents of students); and the state (as the main customer of in-demand specialists for the country's economy). The author's model structures the methods of interaction between participants in the labor market, allows us to identify the factors influencing the interaction of the main ones, and can be applicable for the national labor market and for regional markets.