МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ, ПРИНЦИПЫ И ПОДХОДЫ К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНО–ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

Abstract

The article presents the author's approach to the formation of the methodological foundations of the study of the evolution of development of socio-economic systems. The authors note the diversity of existing points of view and, at the same time, the lack of unambiguous methodological approaches to the study of the evolutionary aspects of the development of socio-economic systems. The paper offers an overview of various studies devoted to the problems of the methodology of the development of socio-economic systems, the author's position in relation to the points of view presented in them is determined. In the context of the presented study, the authors propose to consider the methodology as a system of principles, approaches and methods used to study the evolution and development of socio-economic systems in the context of globalization. The authors adhere to the position that the study of the evolution and development of socio-economic systems presupposes both a description of the specifics of the application of the principles of general methodology in relation to the subject of research, and the allocation of specific principles of methodology, the use of which is characteristic only for the proposed study. In the framework of the study of the evolutionary aspects of the development of socio-economic systems, it is proposed to highlight such general scientific methodological principles as: the principle of consistency, the principle of determinism, the principle of development, the principle of evolutionary development, the principle of objectivity, the principle of interaction and a single direction of the theory and practice of research, the principle of correctness, the principle of unity historical and logical development of socio-economic systems. Summarizing the vast theoretical heritage in the field of economic methodology, the authors of the study compare the casual and functional approaches to the study of socio-economic systems. At the same time, the functional approach is considered as functional and descriptive, and the casual approach as systemic and reproductive. At the same time, the use of the system-reproduction approach involves the consideration of the socio-economic system as a complex multi-level system of socio-economic relations. The study of the reasons for the current state of the system, cause-and-effect relationships that determined the dynamics of its development, allow us to consider socio-economic relations in all their multidimensionality. The systemic reproductive approach, defined by the authors as the methodological basis of the study, provides a dialectical representation of the socio-economic system, its elements and their interconnections in the unity of logical and historical development.