ПОВСЯКДЕННЯ ГІМНАЗИСТОК НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ КИЄВА ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ

Abstract

This article is based on published scientific research and such sources as memoirs of students, reports of women gymnasium, the documents of archives, the newspapers. The article deals with the everyday life of the women departmental gymnasium students of the Russian Empire in the XIX century. This topic is not fully disclosed in the scientific literature because the main focus is on the gymnasium’s history, purposes, and patrons. The women gymnasium of Funduklei was the first women gymnasium for girls in all social groups. According to modern standards, it could be compared to an educational complex: a boarding house (a prototype dormitory) for girls from other cities who studied at the gymnasium and Podilsk department. Analyzing the list of the disciplines at the women gymnasium, we solved that the gymnasium program was focused on the study of humanities. Authorities tried to raise the girls as good wives and mothers. The class ladies kept an eye on their students. The girls from other cities had to live either with relatives or with «guardians», who must be reliable, and only after the approval of the chief supervisor. Their addresses were sent to their class teacher. If their address was changed, the students had to inform them within three days. In private boarding houses for girls, there were also supervisors and their rules: payment for accommodation in time, obedience to the head. The appearance of the students was regulated. The uniform of the schoolgirls was a long dress and hat, which had to be neat, modest and unpretentious. There were holidays three times a year, but not long. The women gymnasium organized the literary meetings for each student’s age group separately, the «evenings» and children’s holidays. The teachers organized excursions for students. The educational complex graduated many students such as Sofiia Rusova (Lindfors), Natalia Polonska-Vasylenko (Menshova), Anna Ahmatova (Gorenko), Kateryna Desnytska, Kseniia Derzhynska.