Речь родная и «не-родная»: развенчание мифа о легкости языкового бытия

Abstract

The author attempts to analyze the phenomenon of language considered from the point of view of current philosophy that presents the lat- ter as the key object of its research. According to modern philosophers it is not enough to define language as a method of building up speech. Construing language as an instrument of shaping worldview by a human being is no less limited. Discrepancy in construing one and the same language by different partners of communication, mutual misunderstanding of each other in the process of speech interaction, inevitable mistakes elicited by both imperfection and complexity of the language – this is a non-exhaustive list of challenges that philosophy of language faces nowadays. In her aspiration to glimpse the interplay of language essence, the author undertakes an attempt to construe one of the most ambiguous definitions of language given by M. Heidegger in his “Being and Time”. While defining the language as “the house of Being”, Heidegger presents the latter as a method of expressing the essence of something that exists (Being). This definition confirms true Being and as a consequence – ambiguity of language that presupposes non-intentional cloaking of the meaning that requires its obligatory detection by means of interpreting and giving evidence to either super complex mechanism of language or to its extreme imperfection.