Abstract
Пути совершенствования огнезащитных терморасширяющихся составов для использования на объектах нефтегазового комплекса
Highlights
The aim of this work was the analysis of intumescent flame retardants of different chemical nature and finding possible ways to improve their flame retardant efficiency
The study of samples of flame retardant materials was performed by the method of synchronous thermal analysis (Nietzsch TO 449 F5 Jupiter®) in an inert atmosphere of argon and in air
During the integrated thermal analysis specimens flame retardant materials of intumescent type of different chemical nature were studied: acrylic organosoluble composition, water-dispersed vinyl acetate paint, organosoluble epoxy composition, a paint based on an organic solvent
Summary
Ïðèâåäåíû ðåçóëüòàòû èññëåäîâàíèé âñïó÷èâàþùèõñÿ îãíåçàùèòíûõ ñîñòàâîâ ðàçëè÷íîé õèìè÷åñêîé ïðèðîäû, ïîëó÷åííûõ â èíåðòíîé ñðåäå àðãîíà è â îêèñëèòåëüíîé ñðåäå âîçäóõà ìåòîäîì ñèíõðîííîãî òåðìè÷åñêîãî àíàëèçà (Nietzsch SÒÀ 449 F5 Jupiter®). Âûÿâëåíî, ÷òî íàèáîëüøàÿ ñêîðîñòü ïîòåðè ìàññû äëÿ âñåõ àíàëèçèðóåìûõ îãíåçàùèòíûõ ñîñòàâîâ è, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî, íàèáîëüøàÿ èíòåíñèâíîñòü ïðîöåññà èíòóìåñöåíöèè ñ âûäåëåíèåì ãàçîâ è îáðàçîâàíèåì ïåíîêîêñà íàáëþäàþòñÿ â èíòåðâàëå òåìïåðàòóð 300–410 °Ñ. Ñíèæåíèÿ ãîðþ÷åñòè è, êàê ñëåäñòâèå, ïîâûøåíèÿ îãíåçàùèòíîé ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ïîëèìåðíûõ âñïó÷èâàþùèõñÿ ñîñòàâîâ ÿâëÿþòñÿ: äîïîëíèòåëüíîå ââåäåíèå â ïîëèìåðíóþ ìàòðèöó ïîëèìåðíîé äîáàâêè, òðàíñôîðìèðóþùåéñÿ ïðè âîçäåéñòâèè âûñîêèõ òåìïåðàòóð â ïîëèìåðíûå öåïè ïîëèàðèëåíîâ, ïîñëå êîíäåíñàöèè êîòîðûõ îáðàçóåòñÿ êîêñ [3]; ââåäåíèå èíãèáèòîðîâ ãàçîôàçíûõ ðåàêöèé ãîðåíèÿ [4]; ïðèìåíåíèå àíòèïèðåíîâ, ýôôåêòèâíîñòü êîòîðûõ çíà÷èòåëüíî ïîâûøàåòñÿ â ðåçóëüòàòå îáðàçîâàíèÿ àêòèâíûõ ÷àñòèö â øèðîêîì èíòåðâàëå òåìïåðàòóð, ñîâïàäàþùåì ñ òåìïåðàòóðàìè ðàçëîæåíèÿ áîëüøîãî ÷èñëà ïîëèìåðîâ [3,4,5]; ââåäåíèå íàïîëíèòåëåé (àëþìîñèëèêàòîâ, ãðàôèòà), ñíèæàþùèõ ãîðþ÷åñòü ïîëèìåðíîé èíòóìåñöåíòíîé êîìïîçèöèè [6, 7]; ïðèìåíåíèå òàêèõ ñòàáèëèçàòîðîâ, êàê ñèëèêàòû [8, 9], îðãàíîñèëîêñàíû è ïîëèîðãàíîñèëîêñàíû, ïðè òåðìîëèçå êîòîðûõ îáðàçóåòñÿ êåðàìè÷åñêîå ïîêðûòèå [3]; ââåäåíèå ñîåäèíåíèé, óìåíüøàþùèõ âûõîä ãàçîîáðàçíûõ ïðîäóêòîâ äåñòðóêöèè è íàïðàâëÿþùèõ ïðîöåññ äåñòðóêöèè ïî ïóòè îáðàçîâàíèÿ êîêñà [10]; ïðèìå-. Öåëüþ íàñòîÿùåé ðàáîòû ÿâëÿåòñÿ àíàëèç îãíåçàùèòíûõ ñîñòàâîâ èíòóìåñöåíòíîãî òèïà ðàçëè÷íîé õèìè÷åñêîé ïðèðîäû è ïîèñê âîçìîæíûõ ñïîñîáîâ ïîâûøåíèÿ èõ òåðìîñòîéêîñòè, ñíèæåíèÿ ãîðþ÷åñòè è, êàê ñëåäñòâèå, ïîâûøåíèÿ îãíåçàùèòíîé ýôôåêòèâíîñòè
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