Методические аспекты диагностики когнитивных расстройств у пациен¬тов с нарушениями речи

Abstract

Aim. To analyze the prevalence and significance of speech disorders in patients after stroke and to study the theoretical aspects of the diagnosis of cognitive disorders in patients with post-stroke speech disorders. Key points. We have processed data from 1 500 information sources on domestic (Elibrary.ru, Rucml.ru) and foreign (PubMed, Medlineplus, The Cochrane Collaboration) medical information databases. Information was obtained on the prevalence and significance of speech disorders in the structure of post-stroke defect. Their influence on social adaptation, disintegration of the psyche, and the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation both in relation to aphasia itself and in relation to its concomitant disorders is shown. Various mechanisms of formation of aphatic disorders as one of the manifestations of general brain dysfunction are considered. The problems that arise when conducting psychodiagnostic measures in patients with speech disorders using standard screening techniques are outlined. Conclusion. Based on the results of studying the diagnostic capabilities of existing scales for assessing cognitive functions in patients with speech disorders, recommendations are proposed for the formation of a new universal standardized Russian-language screening tool covering the entire field of cognitive status, applicable also in patients with speech disorders and allowing to obtain a single score corresponding to the accepted parameters for building an individual rehabilitation route. Keywords: cognitive disorders, speech deficits, aphasia, stroke, neurorehabilitation.