ВЛИЯНИЕ АЗОТНОГО УДОБРЕНИЯ И БИОПРЕПАРАТА НА УЛУЧШЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА ЗЕРНА ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

Abstract

These studies are an important stage in the study of the effect of nitrogen foliar feeding together with a growth regulator during the growing season of plants on the productivity of crops with high quality indicators of winter wheat grain. When cultivating winter wheat, autumn and spring fertilizing is of great importance. In the experiments, the zoned varieties of winter wheat Trio and Bagrat of the selection of the P.P. Lukyanenko Federal State Budgetary Scientific Research University were sown. Ammonium nitrate and biopreparations of Novosil and VE were studied from fertilizers. The experience was laid out in three-fold repetition, with a randomized placement of options with a total plot area of 130 m2, accounting – 80 m2. The effectiveness of nitrogen top dressing is achieved by combining it with growth regulators of Novosil, VE in different doses of application, which provided an increase in the structure of the crop. The length of the ear increased by 2.3 cm, the weight of 1000 grains by 2.3 g, the grain size by 43 g / l for the Trio variety, and by 2.5 cm; 5.5 g; 37 g / l, respectively, for the Bagrat variety. The applied doses of 20-30 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer and a growth regulator of 50-60 ml/ha improved the quality indicators of wheat grain. The highest vitreous content in the grain filling phase was observed in the Trio variety, where it was 85%, gluten – 37.2%, and Bagrat variety had slightly less than 84% vitreous and 35.4% gluten. The choice of the application method depended on the phase of plant development, meteorological conditions of the year, soil moisture, etc. Studies have shown that according to the content of raw gluten in flour and the "strength" of flour, different varieties reacted differently. The Bagrat variety reacted better to the introduction of nitrogen and a growth regulator during the earing period, and the Trio variety reacted better to spraying on leaves during the grain filling period.