Оцінка можливості застосування автофажних двигунів в системах відводу космічних об’єктів

Abstract

This article is devoted ascent depreciation in an earth orbit of space crafts for different functions that allow to solve many problems connected with space activity, in particular, maintenance of wider use of space resources and more effective clearing of a near space from space debris. The last is particularly true for bulky space objects of a technogenic origin which can be deorbit from earth orbits by using the special means for deorbiting injection into the target orbit by launch vehicles. As the ascent of such means for deorbiting by orbital launch vehicle demands significant financial expenses, for their decreased application of easy autophagy launch vehicles with burned fuel tanks is offered. The basic making unit of such launch vehicles is an autophagy engine. The design of autophage engine design and the principle of its operation of the version with compulsory fuel supply to the combustion chamber are presented and the expediency of use of such an engine for small spaceships in case of the impossibility of application of rather heavy usual systems of storage and fuel supply is shown. However, now the weight of the accepted systems of compulsory fuel supply autophagy engines for spaceships remains significant for launch vehicles. As one of the alternative ways of a feed the engine of autophagy launch vehicle, the capability of submission by using the inertia of the most fuel charge is considered. The unit of the autophagy engine contains an evaporator and works in a pulse mode, supplying fuel supply between momentums at the moment of low pressure in the engine. The effect of retardation (easings), representing pressure decrease and engine thrusts in flight time is established. This effect is called by the forces of inertia acting on the sliding engine, and has экспоненциальную an easing picture. Considering the effect of retardation, a system of the equations for calculating kinematic and design data of the launch vehicle with the autophagy engine is offered. The received results of the research have scientific and practical value and can find wide applications in the design of schemes and deorbiting means.