НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ЩОДО ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТІ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Abstract

The article is devoted to researching the problems of the national economy energy security and evaluating the effectiveness of the mechanisms of its provision in modern conditions. The proposed scientific-methodical approach to evaluating the effectiveness of energy security mechanisms provides for the allocation of three main components: resource, economic, and energy efficiency. The presented algorithm for integrated assessment of the energy security mechanisms' effectiveness includes four stages. The dynamics of integral indicators of each component of the provisioning mechanism were studied. It was established that the period under study (2009–2020) is characterized by the instability of the energy security sphere, which is associated with geopolitical challenges and the transformation of Ukraine’s energy system to EU requirements. It was substantiated that conducting a SWOT analysis of energy security, taking into account the obtained indicators of the mechanisms of its provision effectiveness, makes it possible to determine modern trends, features, and future opportunities of Ukraine in the energy sector. At the same time, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of the internal and external environment of the national economy, its strengths and weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The obtained results make it possible to diagnose the mechanisms of ensuring energy security, determine their impact on the implementation of the declared energy security strategy, and make appropriate adjustments to the strategic goals and objectives of the prospective energy development of Ukraine’s national economy. It was substantiated in the article that the complexity of the problem of assessing the effectiveness of energy security mechanisms is determined by the dynamics of changes in the functioning of both national economic systems and the global economy. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation mechanisms of the Energy Security Strategy of Ukraine (2021), it was proposed to take into account the economic, resource, energy, environmental, and European integration components. Thus, the implementation of the strategic goals of ensuring the country’s energy security is determined by the effectiveness of organizational-legal and organizational-economic mechanisms, tools, methods, and means.