Основні компетенції лідерів у системі державної служби в розвинених країнах світу

Abstract

The article is devoted to the research of a problem as to the forming leadership competencies in public service system in developed countries of the world. Leadership is recognized as one of the key factors behind the success of organizations. The leadership development is the exact aim of efforts being made in many countries of the world nowadays, both developed and those who seek to strengthen their competitiveness in the international arena. The leadership competencies profile describes the skills, abilities and competencies that one must have in order to be just the effective leader in their organization. The recent research and publications analysis demonstrates the problems of effective control and leadership, the professional competencies regulation in managers, their leadership qualities acquisition and demonstration being researched by foreign and Ukrainian scholars. The competency-based management use is a key similarity in many countries, the first step whereof is to identify the general competencies that all managers must possess. There is a definite link between the work performed by one occupying their position and the skills they need to perform this work. Aim and task of the research is to determine the basic professional competencies as to the skills of leadership qualities acquisition and demonstration on the basis of the global experience study. The main criteria for the leading managers’ development are the presence of a common framework/ strategic basics as to the leadership development, determined on the basis of the definite desirable leadership competencies. The British public service system has adopted a competency-based approach as an integral system of job requirements, described by behavioral characteristics. A strategic document known as Senior Manager Core Competencies is applied to the higher public service positions in the United States of America and includes five groups of competencies: change management, human resources management, result orientation, capacity business, and coalition formation. Human resources management or human management is recognized as a key responsibility of managers in all the levels, which imposes special requirements to them. The competency-based management use is a primary activity basis and a key similarity in many countries, the first step whereof is to identify the general competencies that all public service managers must possess. Competencies are a complex dynamic characteristic ‒ as the requirements description for effective behavior in a position or a group of positions, which includes not only knowledge and skills, but also the observance of certain values and approaches, personal attitude and personal qualities ‒ which public service officials must demonstrate in their behavior when performing service responsibilities to achieve successful results.