ПАТОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА БРОНХОЛЕГОЧНОГО АППАРАТА У ПОГИБШИХ НОВОРОЖДЕННЫХ С ВРОЖДЕННОЙ ЦИТОМЕГАЛОВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ

Abstract

The aim of the research was to study a morphological structure of airway and respiratory parts of lungs in 36 full-term newborns who died at the 2-5th day of life. The main group included 16 died newborns with the inborn cytomegalovirus infection who were diagnosed with moderate to severe cerebral ischemia with hypertension-hydrocephalic syndrome, pseudocysts of the blood vessels plexus, subependymal and subarachnoid haemorrhages, monocytosis, vesiculitis, pneumonia, hepatitis and meningocephalitis against intrauterine hypoxia and chronic subcompensated placental insufficiency. The comparison group consisted of 20 newborns whose mothers during the gestation period did not have acute respiratory viral infections, moderate and severe somatic and obstetrical pathology. The cause of their death was a birth trauma, intranatal and postnatal hypoxia. Describing lungs the following morphologic features were emphasized: 1) the changes of the general composition of the organ; 2) the state of the lumen of the large, medial and small bronchi; 3) the reaction of the epithelial lining, conjunctive tissue and the blood channel of the bronchial tree and aero-hematic barrier. As a result of the studies it was found out that in the newborns of the main group in comparison with the children of the comparison group in the lumen of large bronchi there was a rare case of mucus, there were often found erythrocytes and desquamated epithelial cells. Only infected children were found to have leucocytes. More intensified were alterative processes in epithelial cells; there were often found cells of the bronchial epithelium without ciliary structures, desquamation of highly differential ciliary and goblet cells, cell elements with a small hyperchromic nucleus and light cytoplasm in the cambial layer, sharply expressed vascular congestion, proliferative changes in the bronchial epithelium as well as hydropic-hemorrhagic and aspiration syndromes. Pneumonia and signs of the virus metamorphosis were diagnosed only in the main group.