Зміна індукції флуоресценції хлорофілу у рослин ріпаку озимого залежно від мікродобрив

Abstract

Determining the impact of various factors on the plant requires the use of express and informative methods which would allow to carry out tests in the laboratory and in the field with minimal violation of the integrity of the objects. These practices include induction of chlorophyll fluorescence method that is widely used in modern studies of photosynthetic processes. The shape of the curve induction is sensitive to changes of the photosynthetic apparatus as a result of unfavorable factors or physiologically active substances such as herbicides. The purpose of research . Detecting changes in the state of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants of winter rape for actions that various micronutrients using rapid diagnostic method of induction of chlorophyll fluorescence in the field. Materials and methods of research. The impact of drugs on agrobiological state of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants of winter rape varieties SnihovaKorolevaand Vezuvii studied using a portable biosensor Floratest, developed by the State Scientific and Engineering Center of the Institute of Microelectronics kibernentyky them. VN Glushkov, which allows you to record the fluorescence induction curve of the parameters which can determine the progress of light and dark phases of photosynthesis. The form of chlorophyll fluorescence induction (IFH) is sensitive to any changes in any unit of photosynthesis caused major environmental factors and endogenous. Study IFH changes were made in 3x repeated with a 3-minute duration of the measurement cycle. For the measurement of leaf plants placed in the optical unit. For this special pressing levers form a gap (2-4 mm) between the upper and lower lighting filing units. Leaf set against the source. Then slowly so as not to damage the leaf release levers. Soft fabric lining with dark sheet to protect from injury, prevent the penetration of external light on the photodetector and leaf surface area during the last adaptation to darkness. Plot sheet used for the measurement must be inverted upside to the light source, for it must be no thicker veins. Adapting to darkness lasted for 10 minutes, then be measured. The dependence of the fluorescence intensity of time after the start of lighting called chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve or induction curve. With the device Floratest was fixed as the kinetics of fast and slow changes in the signal interpretation and develop specific areas of induction curves. Results and discussion. According to the data revealed that in winter rape varieties SnihovaKorolevaand Vezuviiunder the influence of micronutrients WuxalMikroplant, AskofolTerios and saw an increase in the intensity of the background fluorestsentsyi (FO) compared with the control. More intensive growth of background observed in a variety fluorystsentsiyiSnihovaKorolevafor the actions of micronutrients WuxalMikroplant, Askofol, Terios index increased compared with control at 25.4%, 20.33%, 16.94% respectively, while the rapeseed plant varieties for the actions of Vezuvii the same micronutrients increased by 8.3%, 13.3%, 0.2% respectively. However, plants winter rape varieties Vezuvii for the actions of micronutrients WuxalMikroplant and Askofol and winter rape varieties SnihovaKorolevawith fertilizers WuxalAskofol and Terios significantly increased fixed level of fluorescence (F st), characterized by a dynamic equilibrium between the processes that lead to an increase in fluorescence . In winter rape varieties SnihovaKorolevawhen applying micronutrients WuxalAskofol and Terios observed increase in FV / Fmah compared to controls by 12.2% and 10.6%, indicating a significant stimulation of photosynthetic apparatus in leaves of rape under the influence of micronutrients. As a test indicator for early diagnosis recommended coefficient Kpl = (Fpl –Fo): (Fmah –Fo) in determining whether a viral infection in experimental plants. Value Kpl ≥ 0,4 0,5 indicate the presence of infection and significantly increases the probability of detection of viral lesions compared with visual observation. In plants winter rape varieties Vezuvii and the SnihovaKorolevaKpl index is within 0,28-0,27, indicating that the healthy state of the plants. Conclusions 1. More intensive growth of background fluorescence was observed in a variety SnihovaKorolevafor the actions of micronutrients WuxalMikroplant, Askofol, Terios index increased compared with control at 25.4%, 20.33%, 16.94% respectively, while the rapeseed plant variety Vezuviifor the actions of the same micronutrients increased by 8.3%, 13.3%, 0.2% respectively. 2. In winter rape varieties with the SnihovaKorolevaapplications and micronutrients WuxalAskofolTerios observed increase in FV / Fmah compared to controls by 12.2% and 10.6%, indicating a significant stimulation of photosynthetic apparatus in leaves of rape under the influence of micronutrients. 3. There was a passage stimulate photosynthesis in winter oilseed rape varieties Vezuvii for the actions of micronutrients WuxalMikroplant and Askofol, the rate of FV / Fmah increased by 10.3% and 11.76% respectively.