Abstract
The study was conducted to assess the attitude and awareness of a sample of people regarding the indiscriminate slaughter and its effects on health and the environment compared with slaughtering in a slaughterhouse. The sample consisted of 120 persons from six equal professional groups contacted with the butchery labour (livestock keeper, truck driver, butcher, veterinarian, shopkeeper and consumer). The age ranged 22-76 years old, mean 52±10 years, lived ≥ 5 years in the Baghdad city. The results showed that there is a preference for slaughtering inside the slaughterhouse due to the presence of veterinary examination, slaughtering and preparing meat in a healthy, easy-to-clean places, unlike the indiscriminate slaughter that took place on the sidewalks of streets or in front of butchers' shops or at the entrances of their homes in front of people and passers-by. The results also showed that there is a great spread of the indiscriminate slaughter phenomenon throughout Baghdad governorate, coinciding with the lack of health awareness, lack of attention by citizens, weak monitoring authorities, and a great waste of secondary waste resulting from indiscriminate slaughter, such as leather, wool and blood.
Highlights
In the early nineteenth century, the slaughterhouse was known as the largest institution of transition from the agricultural system to the industrial system, accompanied by increased urbanization, technological developments, and attention to hygiene (Brantz, 2008)
The results showed that there is a great spread of the indiscriminate slaughter phenomenon throughout Baghdad governorate, coinciding with the lack of health awareness, lack of attention by citizens, weak monitoring authorities, and a great waste of secondary waste resulting from indiscriminate slaughter, such as leather, wool and blood
A cholera outbreak in the 1840s eventually brought public health concerns about slaughtering animals in the city which led to the close of the live animal part of the Smithfield Market, it is necessary to build slaughterhouses outside city centers and monitor the impacts on air and water quality in the surrounding area (Kalof, 2007)
Summary
In the early nineteenth century, the slaughterhouse was known as the largest institution of transition from the agricultural system to the industrial system, accompanied by increased urbanization, technological developments, and attention to hygiene (Brantz, 2008). Carcasses are slaughtered, prepared, stored and classified under safe conditions and in a sanitary environment(Kayikciet al., 2019).On the contrary of that,the indiscriminate slaughter is an unacceptable health violation and a source of danger to public health, the meat is unknown source and the slaughtered animal isn't examined by the veterinarian, as well as displaying meat and hanging it on irregular and unhealthy places, the animal may had a communicable disease and contact with harmful insects These places certainly not healthy or designated for slaughtering as what occur in the official slaughterhouses. In Iraq the indiscriminate slaughterer is considered a person who is not officially authorized and does not have a health certificate from the Ministry of Health confirm free from diseases (Federal Office of Supreme Audit, 2017)
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