САМОИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ В КОНФЛИКТЕ ИЛИ ДИАЛОГ КУЛЬТУР? АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ СТРАТЕГИИ «ОСОБОГО ПУТИ»

Abstract

n the circumstances of victorious liberalism, represented by the system of welfare state, we constantly see the attempts of self-identification of various groups, communities and even peoples through the situation of conflict. An illustrious example to that is the strategy of “special path” (Sonderweg), which was very typical for different states in different time, and now is still an important instrument of the inner self-identification. However, such a strategy should be realized within both historical and anthropological perspectives: it is its only way to acquire its concrete sense and quit being a mythologem. To achieve this the paper analyzes the self-identification of the parts in the conflict as in the case of such a phenomenon as “the spirit of 1914” — the history of realization such an identification by the German intellectuals in the beginning of 20 century provides us with an important comprehensive material. It is telling that the intellectuals were gravitating from the ideas of Deutscher Sonderweg to understanding of the inner potentials of German culture and society to Pan-European openness and prolific and fruitful dialogue of equal cultures thought the whole course of the previous century. Thus, today the dialogue of cultures appears to be much more efficient and productive way of mutual recognition of the peoples and states, than self-identification through the conflict. Herewith the idea of the inner, organic union of a nation does not disappear; on the contrary, it should be acknowledged as the main power in the process of substantiality of the parts of such a dialogue as the crucial term for its meaningfulness. In this regard, Russian state and Russian society have a considerable potential, as the Russian culture was initially oriented to universal openness and outgoingness, digestion of the highest achievements of various countries and nations while preserving its original self.