الأثر النفسي و الوجداني في منهج عبدالقاهر الجرجاني النقدي و البلاغي

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the reliance of Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani on the significance of the psychological and affective effect and the consideration assigned thereto in his critical and rhetorical method. The study consists of two themes – the first addresses the psychological effect in terms of its relationship to the critic, the care that the critic employs in tracing such effect in the texts considered and the extent to which the critic is affected by said texts and so, whereupon, electing the means by which to convey such effect. The second theme addresses the artistic effect on the recipient, the conditions required for the well reception of said effect and the methods to be employed by the critic to occasion such an effect. Adopting the descriptive and analytical method, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are:- The pillar of the recognition of rhetoric for Al-Jurjani is the faculty of sensitivity and psychical sense.- Al-Jurjani is the most prominent of the early critics to point out the connection between literature and the psyche.- Adroitness of analysis is a hallmark of Al-Jurjani's method.- In his presentation, al-Jurjani adopted a distinct literary style characterized by accuracy and clarity of notion when addressing texts.- Al-Jurjani's study of beauty and its effect is objective, i.e., by looking into its underlying reasons and causes.- Al-Jurjani is masterful at seeking out the abodes of beauty to affect the recipient.- Al-Jurjani is characterized by an aesthetically beautiful style to realize the two objectives of illustration and effect.- Al-Jurjani devotes attention to the recipient in terms of attempting to psychologically affect said recipient and induce in him a feeling of partaking in the author's and critic's appreciative enjoyment of the texts.- Al-Jurjani employs a number of means to engender the psychological effect on the recipient, such as: cultivating sensitivity and inviting to reflect, promoting the acquisition of knowledge, calling for an observance of practice following the attainment ofaptitude, and the practice of being conscious of the recipient's presence by various means in order to effectuate the psychological effect.