ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЕСА ЖАТКИ НА ВЕРТИКАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ КОЛЕС ЗЕРНОУБОРОЧНОГО КОМБАЙНА НА ПОЧВУ

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With the increase in the throughput of threshers offered on the market of combine harvesters and the expansion of the size range of headers recommended for them, taking into account differences in the bearing capacity of soils in specific farms, it is necessary to make a reasonable choice of the header width, taking into account the transfer of its weight to the soil through the front wheels of the combine. The impact of wheel propellers of combine harvesters on the soil, taking into account various options for their configuration with interchangeable adapters, was considered in the work. A calculation method for assessing the change in the pressure of the wheels of a combine harvester on the soil, depending on the weight characteristics of the recommended headers, is proposed. The essence of the method lies in the set of sequential actions to determine the weight and coordinates of the center of gravity of the selected header and combine, followed by finding the reaction of the supports from their force impact on the wheels. At the same time, additional weight distribution of combines is excluded and it is possible to quickly compare combine harvesters with different headers in terms of the impact of propellers on the soil. Using the developed calculation method, it was found that with an increase in the width of the harvester header from 7 to 9.2 m (accompanied by an increase in its mass by 650 kg), the vertical load on each drive wheel will increase by 6.7%, and the level of maximum pressure on the soil of the movers front axle - by 3.4%. These results were obtained for the option of using the header on the weight, which corresponds to the applied unsupported copying of the field surface. The developed method of express assessment allows solving the problem of a reasonable choice of a combine harvester with the least pressure on the soil, without weighing the combine with a filled hopper in each of the possible configurations with headers.