Abstract
The problem of myth in modern society is of persistent interest to specialists from a wide range of sciences (philosophers, sociologists, cultural scientists, linguists, political scientists, etc.), since it allows us to reveal la-tent mechanisms for regulating human consciousness and behavior. At the same time, various interpretations of the phenomenon of myth itself are used as explanatory models. The author identifies two main traditions of understanding myth, designated as universalist-ontological and rational-constructionist, and also characterizes their differences. As an integrative perspective, it is proposed to use the heuristic potential of modern cognitive science, namely, the concept of regression developed by it. It is shown that two versions of the myth are includ-ed, but are emphasized differently when describing different stages of adaptation processes occurring at dif-ferent levels of social existence and in different cultural and historical contexts.
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