ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА НАПРЯМКИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ЛОГІСТИКИ ОЛІЙНИХ КУЛЬТУР УКРАЇНИ НА СУЧАСНОМУ ЕТАПІ

Abstract

Since the middle of 2020, global prices for oilseeds and grain crops have started to rise as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.Russia's unprovoked and unjustified aggression against Ukraine increased prices even more.Due to the war, Ukraine, one of the leading exporters of agricultural products, experienced exports significant decrease, by almost 30 %.At the current stage, the production and export of oil crops is not only the basis for the development of the economy of Ukraine, but also ensures and maintains global food security at an appropriate level. Provided that a full-scale russian invasion continues beyond 2024, the global food crisis will worsen, challenging many countries, especially those that rely on food imports, namely the Middle East and North Africa.Coupled with rising energy costs, developing countries have been pushed to the brink of debt default more and more people are on the brink of starvation.On July 22, 2022, the United Nations, Turkey and Ukraine agreed on the Black Sea Grain Initiative.The agreement allowed the resumption of exports from Ukraine of grain, other food products and fertilizers through a safe maritime humanitarian corridor from three key Ukrainian ports: Chornomorsk, Odesa and Pivdennyi, to the rest of the world.The aim of the paper is to study the problems of the oil crops’ logistics in Ukraine at the current stage and to determine the main directions for its improvement. The paper deals with the dynamics of sunflower production and productivity in Ukraine, analyzes the current state and dynamics of the export of oil crops.Special attention was paid to the import dependence of some countries of the world on Ukrainian oil.The impact of the Black Sea Grain Initiative on global oilseed export logistics is determined. Directions for improving the logistics of oilseed crops in Ukraine through the reorientation of the main export routes to the river ports of the Danube are proposed.Measures have been determined to increase cargo transshipment capacity and increase the draft of ships on certain sections of the Danube route, which will enable Ukrainian exporters of oilseeds to work with a sufficient level of profit.Keywords: export logistics, export of oil crops, Black Sea grain initiative, Danube river ports.