Современный взгляд на феномен профессионального выгорания в медицинской среде: обзор литературы.

Abstract

The literature review presents the results of a theoretical analysis of modern scientific sources devoted to the problem of the phenomenon of burnout among medical workers. An up-to-date definition is given, criteria, signs and types of burnouts are described. Much attention is paid in the article to describing the dynamics of this phenomenon. Burnout is discussed in this article not only from a medical, but also from a psychological point of view. Various theoretical models and empirical research data are also described that reveal the clinical, psychological and organizational aspects of this phenomenon. In particular, it was found that doctors who combine different roles and functions in the workplace, as well as those working in emergency care, are more susceptible to burnout. The features of the development and course of burnout among doctors working in the scientific field are described. The authors proposed modern methods for diagnosing burnout in the professional sphere and targets for psychotherapeutic interventions for people with burnout traits. During the literature review, it was found that burnout remains a global health problem and requires further efforts to develop and implement programs for prevention, early detection and overcoming among employees of medical institutions.