Видеомониторинг: мировая практика использования и перспективы применения в обеспечении пожарной безопасности

Abstract

Introduction. This article provides an overview of video surveillance technology in the context of the prospects for application both in systems of fire protection of objects (man-made fires in closed rooms) and in extinguishing fires in open spaces. In general, the article is about the analysis of the potential of using video monitoring as means for ultra-early detection of signs of a fire and support for making managerial decisions when managing the actions of fire and rescue units. The author's classification of video information sources for monitoring a man-made fire is presented. The tasks of the research are to analyze the trends in the distribution of video surveillance systems in the technosphere, to consider various ways of obtaining and using video detectors during the detection of a fire and video cameras during fire development at various stages of extinguishing. Methods. The Russian and English language literary, normative and statistical sources of information on the topic under consideration, is analyzed. The results of the synthesis and compilation of the analyzed information are tables, drawings and diagrams with explanations to them. Results and discussion. A theoretical review that supports the ideas of a number of domestic researchers and summarizes the most relevant from the author's point of view ways of potential use of video technologies to increase the level of fire safety is carried out. The author classified the sources of video information when monitoring a man-made fire and their use at various stages of fire extinguishment is assumed. Conclusions. Video monitoring and video analytics are very promising means for increasing of the level of fire safety in the technosphere. The presented material substantiates the need of further fundamental and applied researches on this topic, including assessing the potential effect of the combined use of mobile and stationary video information sources to support management decisions in a fire. Keywords: video monitoring, video detectors, early fire detection, fires at objects of protection, fires at open spaces, video analytics