К ВОПРОСУ ПЕРЕХОДА ТЕКСТИЛЬНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ К ЗАМКНУТОЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧНОЙ БИЗНЕС-МОДЕЛИ РАЗВИТИЯ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern directions of the process of transition of the textile industry from a linear to a more environmentally friendly closed model of economic development, in particular on the example of the EU countries. The main institutions and mechanisms that support environmental innovations are considered. The European Resource Efficiency Center provides assistance to small and medium-sized businesses in the transition to a global economic model of production through more efficient use of natural resources, reducing harmful emissions into the environment and reducing transport costs. To fundamentally change the trajectory of the development of the textile industry, it is necessary to rethink many aspects of the current model and the entire life cycle of the production and operation of textiles. In the conditions of "fast fashion" with the help of aggressive advertising of manufacturers, the demand for cheap clothes is artificially heated up, and this increases the number of landfills of discarded textiles. The circular economic model is based primarily on the reuse of raw materials, finished products and renewable resources. Experts believe that the circular economy is based on three main principles: maximum conservation of raw materials and finished products, waste-free production, environmentally friendly and restoration of natural systems. The basis of such a model is digital technologies, which allow to speed up and ensure the flexibility of processes at all stages of the production cycle. It is believed that in 10 years, 90 % of buyers, when choosing and buying a product, will pay attention primarily to the reputation of the company (brand) [1]. In the article, from the point of view of a systematic approach, eco-innovations financed in the EU countries are considered at the main stages of the life cycle of any textile product, starting from the stage of preparation of initial textile raw materials, production and finishing of fabrics, cutting and sewing products, and ending with the stage of operation of ready-made clothes. The analysis of modern innovations is carried out, which makes it possible to increase the environmental friendliness of each stage of the life cycle of a textile product in terms of efficiency. At the same time, such a criterion as the size of the carbon footprint was taken as a basis. The effect of extending the life cycle of one product on the amount of harmful emissions is considered. The main directions of digitalization of the main stages of the production of textile products are given. Proposals have also been developed for the use of textile waste at the stage of cutting products