ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА НИЗКОУГЛЕРОДНЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ В ОТРАСЛЯХ ЭКОНОМИКИ, ВКЛЮЧАЯ АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС: ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ

Abstract

The presented analysis of studies by foreign authors (China, USA, Brazil, EU, Malaysia, Iran) allows us to evaluate the range and effectiveness of state support tools for low-carbon projects in economic sectors, including the agro-industrial complex. The increase in costs at the initial stage of the energy transition must be offset by a variety of government support instruments (subsidies, preferential loans, preferential taxation, access to resources, innovation) is an inevitable problem for the global renewable energy market. Using world practice, it is natural for the developers of the state policy of low-carbon regulation in Russia to raise and solve the following questions: what are the incentives for the introduction of low-carbon projects for business and the population, is the existing set of state support tools sufficient, how are indicators of the state low-carbon policy compared with market identifiers associated with the energy transition to decarbonized economy. The study allows us to state that the instruments of state support for low-carbon projects in the sectors of the Russian economy, including subsidies for the modernization of existing industries, the introduction of the best technologies with low and zero greenhouse gas emissions, tax incentives, should be worked out at the level of regions or macroregions – federal districts, using foreign experience.