Етіологічні фактори та наслідки аномалій розвитку зубів і зубного прикусу у собак

Abstract

According to the analysis of literary data it was found that in veterinary dentistry orthodontic disease are common, among which are abnormalities of the teeth and dental bite. The causes of the anomalies of the teeth- jaw apparatus are congenital and acquired. These include hereditary, genetic abnormalities, insufficient development of chewing muscles, insufficient root resorbtion of deciduous teeth, reducing the size of the jaws and gums for virtually no altered the shape of the teeth, errors in diet (soft and liquid feed, calcium deficiency), developmental disability, training with the wrong load on the teeth of young animals, deficiency of minerals in the diet, late change of teeth, tooth size discrepancy to jaws sizes, too large molars and so on. Hyperdontia, olihodontia, convergence, retention are registered among anomalies of the teeth. Violation of the number of teeth, the formation and eruption of teeth are referred to the abnormalities of teeth. Violation of the formation of teeth consists of enamel and dentine dysplasia. To the violation of the teething belong: retention, false polilentia, primary or secondary wolf mouth, dysplasia of temporomandibular joints, cranio-mandibular osteopathy (QS). Furthermore we pay attention to the displacement of the tooth crown and crown slope of (retroposition, vestposition, torpoposition, supraposition, infraposition, mezioposition). To the malocclusion in dogs belong: прогнатию, прогенію, direct bite (central occlusion), anterior cross bite, crooked bite, the open bite, alveolar bite, floating (not constant), skewed bite, mixed bite. Malocclusion of teeth and other problems could cause injury to soft tissue, cause pain and to promote the emergence and development of severe periodontal disease.