Повышение надежности и эффективности функционирования транспортных систем в результате понижения их аварийности

Abstract

The subject of the study is the state of accidents in the transport sector of the economy of the Russian Federation. The objectives of the work are to put forward proposals to improve the methodology for assessing accidents and damage at enterprises in the transport sector and to identify new types of accidents that occur in transport as a result of changes in technologies, processes and social conditions, in order to establish optimal ways to reduce the damage caused. The difference in the interpretation of the concepts of "accident rate" and "damage" in transport has been revealed. The practical significance of the study lies in the compilation of a typology of accidents, which makes it possible to plan a number of planned preventive measures and thereby prevent the onset of economic damage. The methodology of accident assessment at transport enterprises is characterized. The causes of the accident of transport systems have been established. Measures aimed at reducing accidents have been identified, contributing to improving the reliability of transport systems and increasing the efficiency of their operation. When assessing the nature of accidents, local and regional aspects of the use of transport systems are taken into account, determining their current state and readiness for use. The author's classification of accidents is given. Conclusions are drawn about the need to introduce a single comprehensive program of anti-accident measures for each individual transport sector.