Выбор технологий и направлений снижения техногенного воздействия минеральных образований на окружающую среду

Abstract

Introduction. With an increase in natural and man-made pressure, the condition of lands in the regions of Russia is deteriorating. Under the combined influence of natural and man-made processes, the soil layer of the lands that host them inevitably degrades, so the issue of minimizing the impact of these objects is relevant. Materials and methods. The possibility of minimizing the negative impact of technogenic mineral formations (TMF) on the environment under specific conditions is assessed through analysis using the method of expert assessments. The zone parameters were determined as a result of field and remote observations, laboratory experiments and mathematical modeling. Land plots located in zones of active influence of TMF were taken into account. Results. The following tasks were solved in the work: the state of the solid sediments was clarified; an analysis of the best available technologies for solid waste disposal was carried out; the lands containing solid waste were ranked according to their economic value; The degree of reduction of the negative impact of solid waste on the environment when using new technologies was assessed. Discussion. Since their creation, the structure of the land fund has changed greatly. The lands on which solid soil formations are located are most often not taken into account, i.e. it is not possible to determine the category of land and the type of permitted use. Conclusions. As a criterion for the optimality of recycling technologies, it is proposed to use the degree of negative impact of solid waste on the environment, determined as a result of ranking solid waste using fuzzy clustering. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm allows not only to determine the optimal direction for the reclamation of such lands in the absence of initial data, but also to select the most effective technologies for each direction. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The possibility of using solid waste now or in the future has been studied, and the use of an algorithm for selecting technologies to minimize or eliminate the negative impact of solid waste on the environment under similar conditions has been proposed.