Дослідження впливу параметрів глибокорозпушувача та комбінації робочих органів на ефективність обробітку ґрунту

Abstract

The paper proves the expediency of deep subsurface tillage with combined chisel deep tillers and raises the question of the expediency of studying the influence of tillage unit parameters and a combination of operating parts on the efficiency of tillage. Existing research addresses the issues of soil monolith destruction, interaction of certain elements and operating parts with soil particles, construction of statistical models of the operation of certain elements of tillage units, search for rational forms of surfaces of operating parts and the ways to reduce overall traction resistance of different deep tillers, but the assessment of the quality of operation of such tillage units depending on their design, combination of operating parts and parameters has not been sufficiently studied. To study the parameters of a deep tiller, a prototype was made, which is actually a full-fledged tillage unit with three chisel tines with a straight riser, a chisel, a tooth and wings. The design of the experimental deep tiller is made in such a way that the position of the chisel tines on the unit frame can be changed on the brackets in a wide range, both between rows and in terms of the working width of the unit. In addition, the deep tiller can be operated with different variants of the toothed roller. After selecting the most significant factors and the interval of their values based on the methodology for planning a multivariate experiment, studies were conducted to obtain a statistical mathematical model and response surfaces for tillage efficiency. The obtained regression equation was tested for reproducibility and adequacy, and the graphical display of the research results allows obtaining the desired design parameters and operating modes of the tillage unit. Experimentally found areas of rational values at which the quality of soil pulverization is equal to 70...75%, which is achieved at the depth of loosening with chisel tines 32...42 cm, the distance between the chisel tines in one row 80... 100 cm, distance between rows of chisel tines 40...55 cm, tillage speed 8...9.5 km/h, depth of wings on the tine riser 24...27 cm and number of additional operating parts (toothed rollers) 2 pcs.