Abstract
Modern research has proven the relationship between postural control and performance in healthy individuals who regularly engage in physical or athletic activity. Randomized studies on athletes have shown a positive relationship between performance and posture control. Some authors note that regular balance exercises significantly improve postural balance according to the dose-response ratio. At the same time, the description of the relationship between physical activity and postural balance mainly concerns adult athletes, while experimental work on the system of given posture control in primary school-age children, including athletes, is currently insufficient. In our opinion, a detailed study of the system of control of a given posture in children of primary school age, including sportsmen-wrestlers, allows us to evaluate the development of their coordination abilities and can be used later as a predictive criterion of competitive success of these sportsmen. In this connection, the purpose of this study was to study the system of control of a given position in young martial arts at the stage of initial sports training by means of computer stabilometry. In a study of the main stabilizing characteristics in the Romberg sample with open eyes, the examined children engaged in karate registered the smallest values of statokinesiograms length by 26.07 % (p<0.05), area by 64.82 % (p<0.05), and the index of work on ODC movement – by 29.29 % (p<0.05) compared to the control. The data received by us testifies to the fact that the sportsmen who are engaged in karate have the most economical mechanisms to maintain the given posture in comparison with the sportsmen of other groups, as well as those who are not engaged in sports. Such changes in the system of maintaining a given position are due to the fact that at an early stage of the training process in karate, special attention is paid to the development of coordination abilities, improvement of proprioceptive sensitivity and accuracy of position registration. Children engaged in Thai boxing also had lower stability scores than children in the control group: statokinesiogram length by 21.49 % (p<0.05), area by 30.76 % (p>0.05), and ODC movement score by 33.99 % (p<0.05). Probably, such changes are connected with the development of coordination of tayboxers by imitation exercises: elementary and arbitrary (shadow fighting), which are based on the elements of movement, impact and defense techniques. Young athletes engaged in taekwondo did not have reliable differences in computer stabilometry indices in comparison with the test subjects of the control group, which, probably, may be due to the peculiarities of their sports training, in particular, the priority in the development of their speed-force qualities over the control of static stability at the early stage of the training process.
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