Модели и алгоритмы создания комплексных аварийно-спасательных формирований на объектах горнорудной промышленности

Abstract

Introduction. The article discusses scientific approaches and regulatory requirements for the creation and functioning of emergency services at mining facilities. Special emergency rescue services at mining facilities respond to a variety of accidents and incidents by nature, the types and frequency of which depend on the danger of the enterprise, which requires the creation of several specialized emergency rescue services independent of each other. The costs of maintaining emergency rescue units are borne by enterprises, and in the conditions of a significantly large staff of such services, they can become unacceptably high. In this regard, there is an economic justification for combining the personnel of operational duty shifts of several specializations of activities aimed at optimizing the staffing of services and formations. The purpose of the study is to increase the level of safety of mining facilities based on the development of models and algorithms for the creation of complex emergency rescue units capable of responding to all types of possible accidents and incidents. Research methods. The article uses the method of analytical research based on the results of the analysis of work in the field of organizational design of regular structures of emergency services. The results of the study. Approaches to the creation of emergency rescue services at industrial facilities are defined. The models of creation of complex emergency rescue formations and the algorithm of creation of emergency rescue formations at mining facilities are proposed. Conclusion. The current norms for determining the organizational structures of mountain rescue teams do not take into account the types of accidents, the specifics of their development and the response of emergency rescue units to their elimination. The authors have proposed models of complex emergency rescue units at mining facilities, allowing, depending on the chosen option, to respond to all possible accidents and incidents. The proposed models and algorithm allow emergency rescue units at mining facilities to optimize the organizational and staff structure by combining rescuers of various specializations of activity, which in turn can reduce the costs of the enterprise for the maintenance of emergency services. Keywords: accident; emergency rescue formation; mining rescue squad; mining industry; damaging events; incident; hazardous production facility; organizational design; organizational and staff structure.