Використання методу соціальної інженерії в процесі виявлення, розкриття та розслідування кримінальних правопорушень

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the features of the use of the method of social engineering in the process of identification, detection and investigation of criminal offenses, as well as determining the range of basic tactical tasks that can be solved using certain techniques of social engineering. Methodology. The main method used in the preparation of the article was the dialectical-materialistic method of scientific knowledge of social and legal phenomena. In addition, general scientific and special methods were used, in particular, historical and legal methods – when considering the state of scientific research on the problems of social engineering; comparative legal – when analyzing the opinions of scientists regarding the problem under study, the scientific category «social engineering», other definitions and approaches; dogmatic – for the interpretation of legal categories, deepening and clarifying the conceptual apparatus; functional – in order to highlight the range of tactical tasks that can be solved using the method of social engineering. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the author proposed to consider social engineering as a method of cyber intelligence, which includes a set of techniques based on the implementation of the psychological impact of the subject of social engineering (investigator, operative worker) on an object (a person who interacts with cyberspace through the use of electronic digital devices), in order to solve certain tactical tasks in the process of identifying, solving and investigating criminal offenses. Conclusions. The method of social engineering is advisable to use in the process of identification, detection and investigation criminal offenses, as well as for searching for persons hiding from the pre-trial investigation authorities, investigating judge, court or evading criminal punishment and missing persons, in order to solve such tactical tasks as personal identification by a digital object; obtaining forensically significant information (mainly orienting nature) about a person who has committed a criminal offense or is preparing to commit it; persuading a person to perform certain actions or to refrain from performing them. The basic techniques of social engineering are based on the implementation of psychological impact on the object of social engineering. Subsequent scientific research in this direction is the study of individual techniques of social engineering that can be used in the process of identifying, disclosing, and investigating of criminal offenses. Keywords: social engineering; cyber intelligence; tactical task; psychological influence; criminal offense; cyberspace.