Совершенствование химической защиты озимой пшеницы от вредителей на черноземных почвах Волгоградской области

Abstract

In Russia, winter wheat occupies a key important place in grain production, occupying a significant share in the entire farming system. However, wheat pests and diseases, especially fungal ones, cause high quantitative and qualitative losses, causing critical damage with significant economic losses. This study is aimed at analyzing and improving the chemical protection of winter wheat. Treatments included: fertilizers, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides in various combinations and concentrations. Three varieties of winter wheat were studied: Governor of Don, Donera, Cinderella. The drugs used were Hat-Trick, Borei Neo, Borei and Benorad. Grain yield and quality (measured by protein content) were determined in accordance with proven methods. Infection levels were measured by snow mold, root rot, powdery mildew. The results showed that high-intensity treatment proved to be the most effective against fungal diseases with the most important indicators in terms of wheat yield and grain quality. The greatest resistance to diseases was shown by the variety of winter wheat Governor of the Don: the degree of development of diseases according to the predecessor of the black steam – 6.6%, winter wheat – 9.8%. The highest resistance to pests was shown by the variety of winter wheat Governor of the Don with the degree of development of pests according to the predecessor black steam – 6.6%, winter wheat 8.3%.