МОНІТОРИНГ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ УКРАЇНИ ТА ДОНЕЦЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

Abstract

The article examines the economic situation of the agrarian sphere of Ukraine and the Donetsk region in terms of its ability to produce the necessary amount of agricultural products and ensure food security in the conditions of martial law. A significant amount of damage caused by the war is indicated. An analysis of the production of agricultural products in the five years before the full-scale invasion and in the year of the war was carried out. The distribution of the share of participation in production by categories of farms was considered: enterprises and households. The important role of households in providing the country with food during the period of martial law is determined. It is noted that it is easier for small commodity producers to adapt to changing business conditions than for large commodity enterprises. The dynamics of production of agricultural products per capita for 2017–2021 are presented. However, it should be noted that in wartime it is not appropriate to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural work based on these results, because a large number of the population emigrated, and production volumes are unstable. Despite the difficult times, the activity of the agricultural sector is aimed not only at providing for the domestic consumer, but also at the development of the foreign economic market. Even in wartime, the export of agricultural products has a positive trend. Research for 2017–2022 showed that domestic agriculture stably ensures the inflow of foreign currency into the economic space of Ukraine. The share of agricultural products in the commodity structure of foreign trade of Ukraine is considered. It was determined that the most important part of the export of agricultural products and food products is plant products and fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin. Data on production and export volumes of the main products of crop production, which are grain crops and seeds and fruits of oil crops, are provided. It was determined that a significant part of agricultural exports consists of raw materials, therefore, when implementing agricultural export diversification strategies, it is necessary to systematically increase the share of agricultural products that are produced as a result of high-tech processes and have a high added value.