СОЦИАЛ-ДЕМОКРАТ, КАДЕТ, БЕЛЫЙ ОФИЦЕР: К БИОГРАФИИ СОВЕТСКОГО СЛУЖАЩЕГО ИВАНА ИВАНОВИЧА АЛИФАНОВА

Abstract

This publication is an analytical review of the controversial and complex fate of Ivan Ivanovich Alifanov - a provincial Russian intellectual, social democrat, cadet, Bolshevik, officer of the Russian Imperial Army, White Guard, Soviet employee, victim of mass political repressions in the USSR. The purpose of study is to represent in the context of the military- anthropological vision of the scenario of adaptation of the "ordinary intellectual" to the conditions of social cataclysms of the first half of the 20th century. The methodological concept of the study, based on the characteristics of its genre, is represented by the simultaneous application of the anthropological approach, the theory of social mobility, biographical and comparative historical methods. The basis for the preparation of the article was a complex of previously unpublished sources from the funds of the Historical Archive, the Omsk Region, the State Archive of the Novosibirsk Region, and the archive of the Office of the Federal Security Service of Russia in the Omsk Region. The most informative sources are Soviet questionnaires, autobiographies of I.I. Alifanov, materials of the archival criminal case initiated against him. Some of these documents were in closed storage for a long period. In conclusion, the authors emphasize that the biography of I.I. Alifanov is an example of how the conditions of the military revolutionary era subjugate and, ultimately, break the life of a provincial Russian intellectual who did not fit into their realities. The biography studied is typical and raises the question of the need to study the conditions and possibilities for the adaptation of former white officers to the Soviet society. The work is addressed to a wide range of readers, including specialists in political and social history, researchers of the revolutionary movement, Russian (Imperial), white and Red armies, mass political repressions in the USSR.