ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЯ ВЛАДИ В АСПЕКТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЮРИДИЧНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ У МІСЦЕВОМУ САМОВРЯДУВАННІ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of local self-government as an important means of realizing the rights of territorial communities and their members. The author of the article argues that the territorial community is a necessary democratic counterweight to the central government and helps to limit the manifestations of arbitrariness on the part of the state. The urgency of the issue of decentralization of public power and the development of local self-government is beyond doubt. The author draws attention to the experience of European countries. This experience proves the need for systemic reforms in the field of decentralization of power in order to increase the role of local self-government in overcoming economic, socio-cultural and, in some cases, political and legal problems of society. It is determined that according to modern economic and political research; decentralization of power can have both positive and negative impact on economic indicators of the country’s development and the well-being of citizens. It has been explored that decentralization can also mobilize underutilized resources, creating competition among subnational governments and delivering better policy outcomes. The author’s opinion is substantiated that decentralization can bring the government closer to the people, thus promoting greater transparency and accountability. The author’s position is given that in poor regions with underdeveloped economies, decentralization may not lead to better coordination of public goods and services with the needs of the population. The article pays special attention to the problems of implementation of the concept of “responsible city” in the life of communities and the implementation of social responsibility and transparency of municipalities. It is stated that in many cities around the world, municipalities are increasingly taking into account the environmental and social aspects of community development. Foreign experience has been revealed, which shows that without the formation of a holistic mechanism (social, political, legal) responsibility in local self-government as a separate territorial community can not be formed as a primary subject of local self-government, and the people as a whole can not become a real sovereign state. The author proves the relevance of the topic of constitutional and legal responsibility in local self-government. It is concluded that the world practice of real decentralized public power shows the need to form not only independent and self-sufficient territorial communities, but also responsible local self-government.