КАЧЕСТВО СНА, КАК ФАКТОР РИСКА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ СРЕДИ ЛИЦ ТРУДОСПОСОБНОГО ВОЗРАСТА

Abstract

Introduction. The World Health Organization has put healthy sleep on a par with such important indicators as the state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the level of immune defense, body resistance, etc. (WHO, 2013). As you know, sleep takes up about a third of our lives. Sleep is a biological necessity (Shea SA., 2009). Sleep disorders are one of the most common psychogenic conditions in humans and are defined as a lack of quantity, rhythm or quality of sleep (ICD-10, DSM-IV), which is necessary for normal life About 30% of the population has periodic sleep disturbances, about 10% of the adult population suffers from chronic insomnia, which has already become an epidemic of the new millennium (Centre for Disease and Control and Prevention, CDC, 2018). Since the beginning of the 80s, publications began to appear on the effect of sleep disturbance on the cardiovascular system. Although sleep is an outwardly seemingly passive state of the body, nevertheless, there are many pathophysiological changes that can lead to circulatory disorders, including heart attack and stroke. Purpose of the study: to study the change in self-reported sleep quality over a 30-year period and to assess its relationship with psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Materials and methods: Within the framework of five screening studies of the population aged 25-64 years in a typical district of Novosibirsk from 1988 to 2018. 2650 men and 3113 women were examined. The questionnaire “Knowledge and attitude to one's health” was proposed. The study was carried out within the framework of the budgetary topic Reg. No. 122031700094-5. Results: The lowest self-reported sleep was observed among women aged 55 to 64 years - 24.9% (p<0.001). A relationship has been established between the rise in low self-reported sleep and age. Men (4.3%) and women (5.7%) of young age from 25 to 34 years complained about the quality of sleep the least (p<0.01). On the contrary, complaints about sleep were more common among the representatives of the older age group - among men, 19.7% were dissatisfied with sleep, and among women - 24.9% (p<0.001). The peak of sleep disorders occurred in the late 1980s, then in the mid-1990s there was a decrease in the number of complaints about sleep, then an increase in the zero years in all age groups, except for men from 45 to 54 years (p<0.001). Low self-assessment of sleep quality in two thirds of both sexes was accompanied by a feeling of poor health, an increase in the number of health complaints (p<0.001). A third of men and women who were dissatisfied with their sleep believed that they did not take good care of their health and this could result in a disease of the cardiovascular system. Decreased sleep quality led to distrust in the ability of modern medicine to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, only 10.9% of men and 13.3% of women trusted doctors (p<0.01). Conclusion: Over the past 30 years, there has been a deterioration in the quality of sleep among the population, with the deterioration of sleep detrimental to cardiovascular health.