МУЛЬТИ-ИМПЛАНТАЦИОННАЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЯ ДЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ИМПЛАНТАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕДУЦИРОВАННЫХ АЛЬВЕОЛЯРНЫХ ОТРОСТКОВ КОСТИ ЧЕЛЮСТЕЙ

Abstract

Older people have special features. With age, the reserve abilities of the body are depleted, the immune and endocrine systems are suppressed, combined pathological conditions develop that require an integrated approach to treatment and force the doctor to prescribe numerous and varied drugs to one patient. Therefore, the doctor must take into account the physiological characteristics of the body in people of the older age group. The consequences of tooth loss have been covered in various works. It is accompanied by atrophy of the jaw bone tissue, which complicates the rehabilitation of the masticatory-speech apparatus using the method of dental implantation. At the same time, foreign and domestic authors confirm that the current level of development of dentistry allows for implant treatment, despite the insufficient amount of jaw bone tissue. In case of insufficient volume of bone tissue, the installation of implants requires the use of additional osteoplastic surgeries (OCS), which allow increasing the volume of the bone to the required level. The preferred bone material is an autoaugmentation from the donor zones of the jaws. Medical practice shows that in people with complete loss of teeth in the upper or lower jaw, adaptation to complete removable dentures is difficult. Discussing this with a dentist, patients often choose implant treatment. The choice of such treatment must be made taking into account the relationship of the masticatory-speech apparatus and the body as a whole. A dental implant cannot be considered as a separate object, it is part of the system “the patient's teeth - the prosthetic part of the implant - the implant - the bone tissue - the mucous membrane - the body" as a whole. One of the current priorities of modern dentistry is dental implantation. Implantology in the dental care of the population has played a significant role over the past decades. Over the past decades, negative trends have emerged in dental implantology: - a simplified idea of the method of implantation and plastics of the alveolar processes of the jaws; - superficial, insufficient examination of patients before treatment; - insufficient professional training of the dentist, dental technician, as well as the patient for implantation; - expansion of indications for osteoplastic and soft tissue operations accompanying the method of dental implantation - inflating prices for dental implantation before treatment and replacing expensive implants with cheap, uncertified ones. All this leads to negative results of dental treatment. The increase in the number of local and general complications in patients is increasing, there is a loss of time at the dentist and the discrediting of the implantation method itself.