Палеоґрунтознавчі реконструкції завершальної стадії суббореалу голоцену на території Більського городища скіфського часу

Abstract

This article summarizes the results of many years of paleosol researches of the Bilsk Hillfort of the Scythian time. The existence of the Scythian culture correlates with the final stage of the Subboreal chronointerval of the Holocene. The modern soil cover of the territory of the archeological site is represented by the following types of soil: common chernozems, leached chernozems, dark-grey podsolised soils, typical chernozems and podsolised chernozems. During the investigations of the buried soils under various archeological sites, it was found that the soils during the Scythian time were similar to modern ones, but they indicate more rainfall at the territory. In the north of the Bilsk Hillfort were the podsolised chernozems and dark-grey podsolised soils where the forest probably grew. The territories of the Eastern and Western fortifications, as well as the central and southern parts of the Main Bilsk fortification were open areas similar to modern steppes. Thus, the obtained results allowed to create a map of the soil cover of the Scythian time within the Bilsk Hillfort. This map correlates with the locality structure of that time and illustrates the validity of the used method. The geoarchaeological approach can be used during the researches of other sites, both Scythian time and other periods.