Нодуляційна здатність, маса рослин та врожайність сої залежно від комплексного застосування препаратів

Abstract

Goal. To determine the complex effect of biological preparations, seed disinfectants, postgermination herbicides, fungicides, and plant growth regulators on the number and weight of nitrogen-fixing nodules, plant weight, and yield of soy seed in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, analytical and statistical. Results. Weather conditions during the years of research significantly affected the indicators of the number and raw weight of tubers, the raw weight of plants, and the level of the yield of soy seeds. The effect of drugs of biological and chemical origin on these indicators differed significantly over the years of research. On average, in 2016–2018, no evidence of negative effects on the number and raw weight of nodules on the roots of soy plants in all variants of the experiment was detected from the use of biological and chemical preparations. Their maximum amount (97.9 pcs.) and raw weight (1.18 g) on the 1st plant were formed when used against the background of post-germination herbicides (Tabezon, 2.0 l/ha + Formula, 6 g/ha + surfactant Trend 90, 0.2 l/ha — tank mix (primordial soy leaves) + Lemur, 1.5 l/ha (2–3 trifoliate soy leaves) of the fungicide Akanto Plus 25, 0.75 l/ha in the phase of budding and formation of beans. The maximum raw weight of 1 soy plant (45.9 g) was formed at the use of the studied herbicides on the background of pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with the biological product Biokompleks-BTU, 1.0 l/t. The increase in soy seed yield increased the most (0.28 t/ha, or 20.7%) compared to the absolute control (weed sowing without the use of biological and chemical drugs) for the application of the above composition of post-germination herbicides against pre-sowing seed treatment with fungicide insecticide Standak Top, 1.0 l/t. Conclusions. The complex application of biological and chemical preparations in the technological process of seed treatment and crop spraying is promising for stimulating the symbiotic activity of plants and increasing the yield of soy seeds in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.