Комплексный подход к освоению сырьевой базы горнодобывающего региона с применением ресурсовоспроизводящих технологий

Abstract

Introduction. The constant increase in the consumption of mineral resources leads to the depletion of available reserves and a sharp increase in the depth of field development. In addition, reserves that were previously classified as off-balance sheet and the development of which is economically inefficient at the time of the assessment of technical and economic calculations are involved in the development of minerals: low metal content; location within water protection zones, settlements, structures, agricultural facilities, nature reserves, monuments of nature, history and culture. Involvement in the development of areas of deposits with a low content of a useful component in ore increases the costs of extraction, transportation and processing, as well as the formation of more man-made waste. The main way to ensure the sustainable development of the mining region is the use of mineral deposit development systems with a hardening bookmark and the involvement of man-made waste in a closed production cycle. The use of geotechnology with a bookmark helps to increase the completeness and quality of the extraction of reserves of the deposit, protects the hydrogeological regime and reduces the degree of crack development in the underworked array, which leads to the preservation of the water-proof thickness and protects the daytime surface from collapse. Geotechnology with a bookmark allows you to work out previously abandoned targets, which increases the mineral resource base of the mining enterprise and increases the life of the mine and allows you to solve the social issue of the region where the mining enterprise is the city-forming. The use of man-made waste from mining and processing and metallurgical enterprises in the preparation of the laying composite leads to their disposal. Utilization of man-made waste with geotechnology with a bookmark leads to a decrease in the volume of man-made storage facilities, which reduces the cost of their creation and maintenance. All this contributes to the implementation of the concept of waste-free production, the integrated development of natural and man-made resources, the sustainable development of the mining region and the reduction of the impact of mining and metallurgical industries on the environment. Purpose of research. Introduction of technologies that ensure the completeness of mineral extraction and safe mining operations with minimal environmental impact. Research methods. G eneralization of theoretical and experimental studies carried out by scientists in this field, synthesis of literary and patent data, analysis and summary of previously performed own research, comparison of theoretical calculation data on mathematical models with the experimental results obtained, application of current state standards, approved research methodology, use of calibrated and serviceable equipment. Materials were activated in a DESI-11 laboratory disintegrator, compression samples were tested on a PI-2000-A test press, and the reliability was confirmed by the repeatability of the results with a sufficient number of experiments. Research results. The possibility of replacing the traditional components of the laying composite with man-made waste without loss of regulatory characteristics and improvement of its rheological properties is substantiated. The necessity of applying mechanical activation treatment of the components of the laying composite in order to improve its rheological characteristics and the strength of the array after solidification is proved. The demand for resource-reproducing technologies that allow the most complete use of the technogenic mineral resource potential of the mining and processing enterprise, which will lead to a multiplicative ecological and economic effect, has been confirmed. It is established that the sustainable development of the mining and processing region is impossible without highly efficient exploitation of natural deposits and man-made geo-resources in combination with an integrated approach to the development of the subsoil. Conclusions. The level of impact of the mining and processing enterprise on the ecological situation of the region is reduced by involving man-made waste in a closed production cycle. Increasing the efficiency of the enterprise is achieved through the introduction of resource-reproducing technologies. The sustainable development of the mining region is ensured by switching to the innovative principle of production organization, which excludes the formation of waste and predetermines the use of intermediate products (man-made waste) in cyclic production.