Структурні компоненти формування стресостійкості майбутніх пілотів цивільної авіації у процесі професійної підготовки

Abstract

Modern air transportation is so varied and complicated that it is necessary to ensure protection against the possibility of total system failure through human error or failure of one component of the system. Humans are a vital link in the air transport system, but by their very nature they are the most delicate and trivial part of the system. Responsible training is necessary to minimize human errors and ensure the work of qualified, knowledgeable and competent personnel. The professional activity of pilots is accompanied by a constant influence of negative stress-causers. Continuous action of stress-causers, in situations of uncertainty or possible threat to life or high probability of injury mean high demands not only to the level of professional training, but also to the psychological qualities of pilots, because their activity belongs to the category of height risk professions. It was found that the level of formation of stress resistance have direct influence on ability to maintain an adequate behavior in a stressful situation and respond quickly in crisis situations. Stress resistance of the personality ensures the possibility of realization of physical and spiritual potentials, determines the vitality, mental and physical health, which in modern conditions is particularly relevant, because the number of air travel is increasing rapidly. That is why one of the most important tasks of professional training of pilots is the formation of a high level of stress resistance. The analysis of psychological and pedagogical sources allowed us to determine the structure of stress resistance of future pilots, which consists of interconnected components: cognitive, emotional-volitional and activity-related. The cognitive component is characterized by the presence of general, professional and applied knowledge of stress and stress resistance, necessary for preparation for the future professional activity. The emotional and volitional component includes inner readiness to develop and form stress resistance both in everyday life and in professional activity. The activity component includes a set of skills, abilities and habits of pilots to maintain a high level of stress resistance, which form the basis of their professionalism and ensure successful professional activity, It also determines the activity of future pilots in acquiring experience to use the knowledge to maintain the level of stress resistance. Key words: stress, stress resistance, civil aviation, cognitive component, emotional and volitional component, activity component