ШЕСТИКАНАЛЬНИЙ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗДІЛЬНИК ВСЕПОЛЯРИЗОВАНОЇ АНТЕНИ З КЕРУВАННЯМ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНОЇ ХВИЛІ НА ВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯ

Abstract

The ship's radar system, along with the satellite navigation system of GPS or GLONASS type, is a means of ensuring the safety of navigation, as the information received with its help about the navigational situation along the ship's route is completely independent of external, in relation to the ship, equipment. However, during the reception of radar information on a navigational object, there is an atmospheric environment with hazardous phenomena (heavy rainfall) on the way of propagation of electromagnetic waves carrying this information. This creates along with a navigational object an echo signal on the ship radar indicator, which does not allow improvement of a navigational object echo signal. Therefore, one of the perspective ways of improving useful navigation object echo extraction along with the considered methods is the method of polarization selection which uses the all-polarized antenna emitting electromagnetic waves of four fixed polarizations and receiving the echo signal of any polarization, which carries information about navigation object, by means of sixchannel polarization separator. The polarization six-channel separator of the ship radar is the basic waveguide link determining the principle and accuracy of operation of the polarization multichannel complex of the UHF range with instantaneous registration of polarization parameters of Stokes, echo signals of a partially polarized wave of a complex object on the ship's path. When solving the problem of polarization selection of navigational objects in the area of dangerous atmospheric formations, there were used the coefficients of the energy scattering matrix, the coherence matrix, the degree of polarization and statistical parameters of echo-signals, which are the actual energy polarization parameters of Stokes. The purpose of the six-channel polarization separator is to separate the polarized components of the analyzed wave reflected from the complex object entering the allpolarized antenna of the ship radar polarization complex in a waveguide path. The article analyzes the principle of construction and implementation of a six-channel polarization separator for six channels: with polarizations linear vertical, linear horizontal, linear with the angle of orientation of the electric vector 45° and two circulars. Keywords: ship radar system, navigation object, electromagnetic wave polarization, allpolarized antenna, six-channel polarization separator, atmospheric formation, polarization device.