ІНТЕНСИФІКАЦІЯ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЗЕРНОВИХ КУЛЬТУР В УМОВАХ ПОВОЄННОГО ПЕРІОДУ

Abstract

The paper studies the intensification as a component of the economic efficiency of grain production in the postwar period. It was established that productivity is defined as the most important indicator reflecting the level of intensification of agricultural production. It was found that the export of flour, wheat, barley, grain and legumes decreased, but the export of rye and corn increased in 2022. It was determined that during 2019–2021, the sown area in Ukraine only increased, in particular, in 2019, 15,318.1 thousand hectares of agricultural land were used for sowing, in 2020, 15,392.2 thousand hectares of land were sown, and in 2021, the record amount of agricultural land for sowing is 15,943.9 thousand hectares, however, in 2022, due to the invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, the sown area decreased. It was found that in 2020 we are observing a tendency to decrease the gross collection of grain crops by Ukrainian agrarians, with which only 64933.39 thousand tons of grain crops were collected, but in 2021 a record was set for gross collection – 85680.1 thousand tons, which was by 20,746.71 thousand tons more than in 2020, or by 31.95%. It was found that in the agriculture sector, as a result of 2021, there was an increase in production due to a significant increase in crop production, taking into account that the harvest of grain crops and sunflowers, despite changing weather conditions during the growing season, ripening and harvesting, became a record for the entire period of statistical observations. It was established, according to the State Statistics Service, that in 2021 the harvest of grain crops increased by 32.5% compared to the corresponding period of the previous year (a record 86 million tons), sunflower – by 25% (a record 16.4 million tons). It was established that for the economic efficiency of the production of grain crops in the conditions of the post-war period, it will be necessary to conduct a deep statistical and economic analysis of land use, the task of which is to study the use of land in the economy, taking into account intensification and rational land use.