ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ-ПРИКОРДОННИКІВ: ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПРОБЛЕМНИХ МЕТОДІВ

Abstract

The advantages and importance of problematic methods for formation the professional culture of future frontier officers have been revealed in the article. Problematic methods are evidence of non-directive pedagogy, that is, one that prioritizes the active role of the individual in the acquisition of knowledge and the acquisition of professional skills. It has been suggested to present problem situations in the form of various professional tasks, consecutive problem situations, which must necessarily contain some contradiction, which requires their analysis, formulation of problems and their solving. The methodological value of the problematic method is that the cadets master their professional knowledge more intensively, solve problems, rather than listen to the teacher passively. Through problem-based training, teachers can create the necessary conditions for independent decision-making, comparison of different behavioral options, change of orientation in training from gaining to acquisition of knowledge, from passive consumption to active analysis. Advantages of problem-based methods of training are high level of independence of cadets, intensification of their mental activity.Examples of the use of problematic methods in teaching the subject of History of Wars, Conflicts and State Border Protection have been given, first of all conflict situations and problematic tasks, which need to clarify the causes and consequences of events occurring in the Ukrainian military, as well as generalization, systematization or refutation of certain historical myths related to the colonial history of Ukraine. It has been proved that the use of problem-based methods of education allows to form personal qualities of future defenders of the border, such as independence, perseverance, purposefulness, etc., which is necessary for shaping their ability to make independent decisions, ability to apply theoretical provisions for successful overcoming problems and difficulties of daily life.